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William E. Moerner
William Esco Moerner (born June 24, 1953) is an American physical chemist and chemical physicist with current work in the biophysics and imaging of single molecules. He is credited with achieving the first optical detection and spectroscopy of a single molecule in condensed phases, along with his postdoc, Lothar Kador.〔Reich,Ziv and Kapon,Ruti. 2010. "Foreword by the Guest Editors." (Special Issue dedicated to Prof. Moerner's Achievements.) ''Israel Journal of Chemistry'' 49 (3-4), April 2010. DOI: (10.1002/ijch.201090002 )〕〔W. E. Moerner and L. Kador, "Optical Detection and Spectroscopy of Single Molecules in a Solid," ''Physical Review Letters'' 62, 2535 (1989). DOI:(10.1103/PhysRevLett.62.2535 )〕 Optical study of single molecules has subsequently become a widely used single-molecule experiment in chemistry, physics and biology.〔Gräslund, Astrid, Rudolf Rigler, and Jerker Widengren. 2010. "Single Molecule Spectroscopy In Chemistry, Physics and Biology: Nobel Symposium number 138". ''Springer Series in Chemical Physics'', v. 96. Heidelberg (): Springer, 2010. 572 p. DOI:(10.1007/978-3-642-02597-6 )〕 In 2014 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.〔("Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2014." ''Nobelprize.org'' ) (accessed October 8, 2014).〕〔("Professor W.E. Moerner wins the Nobel Prize in Chemistry." ) ''Stanford Report'', October 8, 2014 (accessed October 8, 2014).〕
== Early life and education ==
Moerner was born in Pleasanton, California, in 1953 June 24 the son of Bertha Frances (Robinson) and William Alfred Moerner.〔(Dignitymemorial.com )〕 He was a boy scout, with the Boy Scouts of America and became an Eagle Scout.〔http://scoutingnewsroom.org/blog/eagle-scout-william-e-moerner-shares-nobel-prize-chemistry/〕 He attended Washington University in St. Louis for undergraduate studies as an Alexander S. Langsdorf Engineering Fellow, and obtained three degrees: a B.S. in physics with Final Honors, a B.S. in electrical engineering with Final Honors, and an A.B. in mathematics ''summa cum laude'' in 1975.〔(Engineering Alumni Achievement Award, Washington University, 2013 ) (accessed May 1, 2014).〕 This was followed by graduate study, partially supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship, at Cornell University in the group of Albert J. Sievers III.〔(Academic Family Tree ). Accessed May 9, 2014.〕 Here he received an M.S. degree and a Ph.D. degree in physics in 1978 and 1982, respectively. His doctoral thesis was on vibrational relaxation dynamics of an IR-laser-excited molecular impurity mode in alkali halide lattices.〔Moerner, W. E. 1982. ''Vibrational relaxation dynamics of an IR-laser-excited molecular impurity mode in alkali halide lattices.'' Thesis (Ph. D.)--Cornell University, Jan., 1982. 591 pages. (Worldcat.org )〕 Throughout his school years, Moerner was a straight A student from 1963 to 1982, and won both the Dean's Award for Unusually Exceptional Academic Achievement as well as the Ethan A. H. Shepley Award for Outstanding Achievement when he graduated from college.〔Kan, L., & Lin, S. H. (2011). ''(Wolf Prize in chemistry : an epitome of chemistry in 20th century and beyond )''. Singapore: World Scientific. p. 556.〕
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